The ENT Institute of Atlanta played host to the most recent Postural Respiration. This course encouraged attendees to look below the head and neck for “bottom-up” influences on the conditions you treat. What do hip pathology, low back pain, headaches, and TMD have in common? A thoracic diaphragm that is patterned in its position and activity.

We discussed how the static asymmetries of our torso lead to overactive chains of muscle below the diaphragm (anterior interior chain and posterior exterior chain) and above the diaphragm (brachial chain). These chains create dynamic patterns of breathing that become entrained in our nervous system and that can restrict healthy alternating, reciprocal movement when upright. Numerous videos were presented that reflect how patterned breathing influences walking: poor posterior right arm swing, reduced thorax rotation and center of mass shift onto the left leg, and waddling, to name a few. Our stronger, better leveraged right diaphragm creates twist and torsion of the airway which, in turn, promotes inefficient strategies to pull air in, including belly and neck breathing, with their associated forward head posture, hyperinflation, and overly extended thoracic spine and rib cage. Neurologically-driven patterns of airflow define how we sense ourselves in the space around us, how we move through it, and our vulnerability to pain and injury.  

Many thanks to Kaitlin Blankenship, ATC; Jose Crespo, PT; Mischelle Hardwick, PT; Allison Robbins, PT; Tre Tate, CPT; and Adria Wofford, PT for volunteering to model the tests and techniques.    

Kristen Spencer, PT, PRC, was invaluable in assisting with lab and adding clarity to questions and concepts.  

The practitioners at ENT Institute did an awesome job of accommodating us guests: Jose; Ann Gerber, PT; Jennifer Hansen, PTA; Mischell; Jennifer Harrell, PT; Deisy Nunez Aguirre, PT; Allison; Olivia Terrell, PT; and Cristen Walker, PTA.   

I hope you get the chance to host again. If so, Cervical Revolution would be a natural fit for your caseload.  You will learn about the influences of an additional chain of muscles, the temporal mandibular cervical chain. You will gain an understanding of how the concepts of Postural Respiration and patterned air flow apply to the cervical spine and cranial patterns and their potential to create malocclusion, TMJ dysfunction, headaches, and visual-vestibular disturbances, all of which you routinely address in the clinic.

Enveloped by palm trees and the salt-water aroma of the Atlantic Ocean is a gem of a clinic: Arise Center for Athletic Development, our host for Postural Respiration.
Arise was filled to capacity, evidence of the thirst for PRI in the Sunshine State. With her wedding just days away, Tia Moir was determined to put aside her pre-wedding jitters and focus instead on growing her understanding of PRI concepts. Tia, I hope your wedding day was glorious!

Postural Respiration lays the groundwork for concepts that are reinforced in every one of the Institute’s courses: the neurology of movement and the role of the thoracic diaphragm on patterned, habitual activity and our nervous system’s state of tension and twist present in all our patients-clients. Through lecture and lab, attendees gained a thorough understanding of, and experienced within themselves, the power of the hemi-diaphragm’s most important characteristic: its zone of apposition. Loss of the left hemi-diaphragm’s ZOA initiates deleterious air flow patterns and is the underpinning of movement dysfunction. Attendees learned how to coach their patients-clients through numerous non-manual techniques that place an individual in novel, biased positions and challenge the nervous system to disengage old movement patterns and replace them with healthy, efficient ones.
Post-lab comments included: “My left side feels heavier.”  “My back tension is gone.”  “I can breathe deeply again.”

It was our good fortune to have in class Amy Brown, PT, PRC. Amy assisted in lab and shared her clinical perspectives throughout the weekend. Amy is well-versed in the PRI approach and is a great resource for the Floridian contingents, especially those starting their PRI journey.

Many thanks to the team at Arise:  David Donatucci, Austin Hetzer, Jen Lewis, Mickey Massucci, and Ahmed Rashwan.  You were instrumental in providing an atmosphere of comfort with good energy and flow.  
Thank you to our models, who greatly enhanced the learning for all:  Joi Dupre, Rogelio Govea, Amy Haddad, Hugh Pun, Ahmed Rashwan, Rosaline Riuz-Go, and Brandon Van Kempen.   
Arise will host Myokinematics next year.  Faculty member Kasey Ratliff will bring her PRI prowess and clinical versatility to strengthen your PRI knowledge and understanding of how the neuromusculoskeletal system really works.

As always, I enjoyed my weekend at the home of PRI in Lincoln, NE to present Postural Respiration to an in-person and virtual group with my friend and colleague Jen Platt, PT, PRC. Although virtual learning can be a challenging format to gauge the interest and energy of attendees, such was not the case with this group, who offered many questions, insightful comments, and thumbs-up to relay to this instructor “Yes, we got this concept.” Our in-person squad was instrumental in helping illustrate concepts, serving as models for the PRI tests and non-manual and manual techniques. A huge thank you to our models Hailey Beasley, PTA, Jason Bushie, ATC, Ellen Kindelsperger, DC, and Tasuku Kurane, ATC, for your willingness to express what you sensed during and following each technique.

As anyone who has taken Postural Respiration knows, there is a great deal of research and conceptual material to sift through, contemplate, and consider. What is quickly understood, by practitioners both new to the science and with numerous courses under their belt, is that the PRI approach can be applied to any and all patients/clients. Its techniques offer a game-changing approach to care. The many lab sessions provide experiential learning and an opportunity to practice how to present and explain the how and why of assessment and treatment with the “patient” in front of you.

It is not enough to simply move air in and out of the thorax. All humans accomplish this, one way or another, to stay alive. It is the ability to direct that bolus of air into different regions of the thorax that determines how variable and efficient our movements may be, how we experience the environment around us, and how well we rest at night. This ability becomes compromised the longer we are constrained by the human’s natural asymmetries that become reinforced by static postures and repetitive activities of daily life. Ensuring the balanced roles of the left and right hemi-diaphragm, that of both posture and respiration, requires an understanding of how to maintain each diaphragm’s zone of apposition, inhibit deleterious muscle over-activity, and re-establish a sense of expansion of the posterior mediastinum from which new, healthier patterns of movement can emerge. These foundational concepts are what Postural Respiration is all about.

Thank you to all attendees for taking time out of your summer to challenge your thinking and grow professionally. It was nice to see many newcomers to the science as well as veterans such as Brittany LaFountaine, DPT, PRC, and Joe Siracusano, DPT. I encourage all of you to keep asking questions and seeking answers, through the PRI website resources, dialogue with fellow clinicians, PRIVY, and the many courses that PRI has to offer

The clinicians of Lancaster General Hospital are pros at hosting PRI courses. Last weekend’s Postural Respiration course was their seventh. This instructor had moments of déjà vu, since LGH was the location of the first PRI course I attended, back in 2007. Two participants, Deborah Schrodi, PT, and Cathy Ingram, PT, were also in attendance at that very course 15 years ago! The surrounding Amish community, who eschew automation, provided an interesting contrast to our modern way of life and its epidemics of myopia, asthma, and loss of movement variability. These modern ills can be traced, by-and-large, to technological “advancements”.   

Underscoring the Institute’s interdisciplinary mindset, the class was comprised of a mix of clinicians, including physical therapists, physical therapy assistants, athletic trainers, massage therapists, and personal trainers. Many were new to the science, while others had multiple PRI courses under their belt.

The Institute continually works to update course material, adding research articles and patient photos and videos to illustrate and support course concepts. Our left and right hemi-diaphragms are different in size and have differences in abdominal support.  This “static asymmetry” creates a teeter-totter effect within our body, keeping us reflexively alive and providing a starting point from which to move. When this teeter-totter situation reaches a tipping point, we have only a “totter”. The right side remains pinned-down, grounded, and compressed. The left side is held aloft, remaining ungrounded and decompressed. We cannot thrive in this state.

Our patterned, maladaptive hemi-diaphragm position and activity has consequences on movement, physiology, and behavior. Humans require oscillating compression and decompression of our lungs and rib cage to provide movement and ensure the health of our tissues, most notably the nervous system. An outward sign of this lack of oscillation is breathing pattern dysfunction, such as belly breathing, chest wall elevation, and superior T4 syndrome, the underpinnings of many of the syndromes that we treat.

Postural Respiration is a lab-heavy, hands-on course, better taken live, if possible. Participants came away proficient in performing and interpreting PRI’s objective tests to identify overactive left IAC, right BC, and B PEC chains of muscles and the pesky superior T4 syndrome. These patterns need to be inhibited so that we can efficiently and effectively inhabit the environment around us, without deleterious effects on our neuromusculoskeletal system.

A huge shout out to Frank Mallon, DPT, PRC, owner of Renaissance Physical Therapy in near-by Philly. Your expertise and instruction on the nuances of the Institute’s non-manual and manual techniques was invaluable!

Thank you to all who asked questions and provided clinical comments, keeping the energy level high. Thank you to our models, who enhanced the learning experience: Kirsten Ditzler, DPT; Kelly Faller, PTA; Eileen Herman, PT; Isha Mody, PT; Joesph Newton-Pretko, DPT; Kyle Price, PT; Lori Shearer, PTA and Michael Polejav, PT who all helped facilitate our learning.

Thank you to the LGH clinicians for your efforts in set-up and clean-up. I appreciated the opportunity to present this material at the place where my PRI journey started.